How to live forever
One of the reasons our cells die is because they are inherently programmed to have only 60 to 70 doublings. That’s it. After that, they die. Why is that?
p53 and other genes commonly mutated in cancer cells
Yesterday we talked about how cancer is caused by non-lethal genetic mutation. We mentioned the six particularly nasty features that cancer cells acquire when they undergo genetic mutation: autonomous growth, insensitivity to growth inhibitory signals, evasion of apoptosis, limitless replication, sustained angiogenesis, and invasion/metastasis. And we talked about the four types of genes that commonly get [...]
What causes cancer?
There are different ways to answer this important and difficult question. If the underlying question is “What are the agents that can cause cancer?” then the short answer is: 1) chemical substances, 2) infectious agents, and 3) radiation. If the underlying question is “What are the molecular mechanisms that change a cell from a benign [...]
How to heal a cat scratch
Here’s a general pathology concept that is important not only for boards but for real life: wound healing.
Why is the hemoglobin normal right after a big blood loss?
Q. Immediately after an acute episode of blood loss – following a motor vehicle accident, for example – the hemoglobin level is normal. Why is that?
What does normal bone marrow look like?
There are several things you should look for when evaluating a bone marrow biopsy specimen – see if you can see them in the image above.
What do normal red blood cells look like?
Before you can really appreciate pathologic changes in red cells, you need to know what normal red cells look like. Here is a normal blood smear image, taken at high power.
- Kristine Krafts, M.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology University of Minnesota School of Medicine April 2013: 78,614 unique visitors.
Recent comments
- B Carius said Training to be an Army PA, and it’s always good to have a few extra bits of wisdom for patholo...
- Kristine said Yay!! So glad you love them!!
- Lusi B said Hi Dr. Krafts!! Finally received my t-shirts!! Love them….kind regards
- Azra said God bless you dear Dr. Kraft!
- suzierose said That you Kristine! Clear, concise explanation…
- Kristine said Hi Musa – You’re not alone! There are plenty of other coag haters out there (they haven&...
- Musa Jumaa Hussein said I am one of the Coag hater. Can I find this book in a book shop in the UK Thanks
- Abisola said Beautiful piece…paints a better picture…goodwork!
- Kristine said 1. Yes – in some books it does. It’s not a true cause of an elevated MCV, but there you...
- Kristine said Hi Ari – Thanks! You can find an article describing the 2008 WHO revisions here: http://bloodj...
- Dr. Mehmood-ul-Hasan said This is really a great concept, which (usually) the physicians do not know. A haematologist should d...
- Ari said Thanks a lot for those nice informations Can I ask for the new WHO lymphoma classifications book or...
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